burn up 和 burn down 都与 “燃烧” 相关,但核心含义、使用场景和侧重点差异显著,具体区别可通过 核心语义、搭配对象、结果状态、例句 四个维度清晰区分:
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搭配:纸、垃圾、树叶、燃料、食物等小体积 / 可消耗的物品,或抽象事物(如精力、热情)。
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例句:
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The campers burned up all the firewood before leaving.(露营者离开前把柴火全烧光了。)
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The old documents were burned up to protect the secret.(为了保密,旧文件被全部烧毁。)
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Her enthusiasm for the project burned up after repeated failures.(多次失败后,她对这个项目的热情耗尽了。)
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搭配:fire、flames、blaze 等表示 “火” 的名词。
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例句:
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The wind made the bonfire burn up brightly.(风让篝火烧得更旺了。)
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Pouring oil on the fire will make it burn up instantly.(往火上倒油会让它立刻燃起大火。)
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例句:
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My mom burned up when she found out I lied about my grades.(妈妈发现我谎报成绩时勃然大怒。)
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He burned up at the thought of being cheated.(一想到被欺骗,他就怒火中烧。)
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搭配:house、building、factory、forest、village 等大型固定物体。
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例句:
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A big fire burned down the historic church last night.(昨晚一场大火烧毁了那座历史悠久的教堂。)
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The forest burned down completely after a month of drought.(干旱一个月后,这片森林被彻底烧毁了。)
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Half the town was burned down during the war.(战争期间,小镇的一半被焚毁。)
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搭配:fire、flames 等表示 “火” 的名词,常与 slowly、gradually 连用。
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例句:
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The fire burned down slowly after we stopped adding wood.(我们不再添柴后,火慢慢熄灭了。)
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Let the candles burn down naturally—don’t blow them out.(让蜡烛自然熄灭,别吹灭。)